Japan is actively exploring deep seabed mining to secure critical minerals, especially rare-earth elements, essential for its high-tech industries and renewable energy needs. Facing resource scarcity and a dependence on foreign suppliers, Japan search for a possible solution. However, environmental concerns about the impact on deep-sea ecosystems, along with regulatory challenges from the International Seabed Authority (ISA), complicate Japan’s ambitions. Despite these obstacles, Japan continues to collaborate with Pacific nations and remains involved in international regulatory discussions, positioning itself as a leader in seabed mining innovation and policy development.